Publications & Resources

Comparing Four Different Statistical Packages for Hierarchical Linear Regression: GENMOD, HLM, ML2, and VARCL

Feb 1990

Ita G. G. Kreft, Jan de Leeuw, and Kyung-Sung Kim

In this report we give an overview of some of the available statistical theory and software for analyzing hierarchically nested data. We evaluate these programs, and we propose a technique that can analyze data of several different domains and is more general than the existing programs.

Kreft, I. G. G., de Leeuw, J., & Kim, K.-S. (1990). Comparing four different statistical packages for hierarchical linear regression: GENMOD, HLM, ML2, and VARCL (CSE Report 311). Los Angeles: University of California, Los Angeles, National Center for Research on Evaluation, Standards, and Student Testing (CRESST).